Concrete is composed essentially of cement, aggregates and water. Structural lightweight aggregate concrete crc press book. The aim of this study is to develop a new type of structural lightweight aggregate concrete by incorporating ops as the coarse aggregate and oilpalmboiler clinker opbc as the fine aggregates. Since it is generally 20% to 40% lighter than normalweight concrete, a structures dead load can be reduced, its foundation costs lowered, and its concrete and rebar needs lessened. Structural lightweight aggregate concrete concrete.
The italian legislation currently in force concerning concrete sets forth that structural lightweight concrete can be defined as a concrete aggregate with closed structure obtained replacing. Opbc is a waste and byproduct material produced from burning of solid wastes in the boiler combustion process. One is partially compacted lightweight aggregate concrete and the other is the structural lightweight aggregate concrete. A simple mix design method for structural lightweight. Mechanical properties of lightweight aggregate concrete reinforced. The main features are high strength, low weight, low structure loading, low investment of. Opbc is a waste and byproduct material produced from. Ppt structural lightweight concrete powerpoint presentation. More porous than normalweight particles, lightweight aggregates that are not presaturated will absorb the water in the concrete mix.
One of the ways to reduce the weight of structure is the use of lightweight aggregate concrete lwac. Structural concrete made with lightweight aggregate. Guide for structural lightweightaggregate concrete aci 2r03 the guide summarizes the present state of technology. The lightweight aggregate is a kind of coarse aggregate which is used in the production of lightweight concrete products like concrete block, structural concrete, and pavement. It is seldom necessary to exceed slumps of 125 mm 5 in. Theodore bremner symposium on high performance lightweight concrete. Lightweight aggregate concrete is usually chosen for structural purposes where its use will lead to a lower overall cost of structure than would be expected with normal weight concrete.
Using all coarse and fine lightweight aggregates in a concrete mixture can decrease the concrete density to less than 90 lbft3 31440 kgm. The advantages of slwac also include being energetically efficient and the possibility of being produced with aggregates made with industrial waste. Structural lightweight concrete also benefits from energy conservation considerations as it provides higher rvalues of wall elements for improved insulation properties. Structural lightweight concrete is defined as concrete using lightweight aggregate or a mixture of lightweight coarse aggregate and sand and it has been specified. The excellent durability performance of structural lightweight concrete made with expanded clay aggregate or expanded shale, clay or slate structural lightweight aggregate is a result of the ceramic nature of the aggregate, and its exceptional bond to and elastic compatibility with the cementitious matrix. It presents and interprets the data on lightweight aggregate concrete from many laboratory studies, accumulated experience resulting from successful use, and the performance of structural lightweight aggregate concrete in service. There are several lightweight concrete structures in the mediterranean region, but the three most notable. Benefits of using blended waste coarse lightweight aggregates. Concrete, lightweight aggregate the most common type of concrete, in which lightweight aggregate is used as the coarse filler, cement more rarely, gypsum, lime, synthetic resins is used as the binder, and open sand or compact sand for example, quartz sand is used as the fine aggregate. Guide for structural lightweight aggregate concrete, 1987. Insulating concrete masonry theoretical maximum r values. Although this material has been available for many years, only now is it being used more widely. Structure magazine structural lightweight aggregate and.
The new aggregate is similar to conventional lightweight aggregates, but the ratio of density of concrete to compressive strength is much more favorable to making structural concrete. Taking this into account, a simplified design method is proposed for slwac made. Download bookshelf software to your desktop so you can view your ebooks with or without internet access. Reference standards are incorporated in this guide specification and an appendix lists additional publications that will help the architectengineerdesigner prepare concrete specifications.
In buildings, structural lightweight concrete provides a higher firerated concrete structure. One lwa that is abundantly available in most tropical countries is oil palm shell ops, a solid waste from the palm oil industry. Structural lightweight aggregate concrete to the many people who, in the past, worked in the research departments of. Structural lightweight concrete has strengths comparable to normal weight concrete, yet is typically 25% to 35% lighter. It also improves workability, reduces bleeding and segregation, and may compensate for. Astm publication stp 169 c provides a comprehensive overview of structural lightweight concrete. Due to lower aggregate density, structural lightweight concrete does not slump as much as normalweight concrete with the same workability. Structural lightweight concrete offers design flexibility and substantial cost savings by.
Strength of lightweight glass aggregate concrete journal. It also improves workability, reduces bleeding and segregation, and may compensate for minor grading deficiencies in the aggregate. Structural lightweight aggregate concrete using two types of. Hospital achieves safety and fire requirements with lightweight concrete. The slwac mix design is more complex than that of normal weight concrete as more parameters need to be determined. Standard practice for selecting proportions for structural lightweight concrete, 1991. The benefit of lwac as structural material was recognized. Recommended combined aggregate gradation for high quality lightweight concrete masonry units. Structural lightweight concrete mix concrete casting mix. This paper summarizes the results of experiments on the mechanical properties of concrete made of.
Reduction in dead loads making savings in foundations and reinforcement. In most cases, the lwa used in lightweight aggregate concrete lwac is coarse. In many structures, these benefits justify the use of lightweight aggregate concrete, which generally costs more than normalweight concrete. What is lightweight aggregate concrete and its uses. Structural lightweight aggregate concrete using two types. The partially compacted lightweight aggregate concrete is mainly used for two purposes that is for precast concrete blocks or. Structural lightweight concrete is usually made with lightweight aggregate lwa. In terms of the degree of porosity of the concrete, lightweight. The compressive strength, water absorption and workability are significant for the structural lightweight aggregate concrete. Lightweight aggregates suitable for structural concrete may be natural materials such as pumice or scoria, or they may be processed aggregates such as expanded shales, clays, slates, and slags. Aci 2r14 guide for structural lightweightaggregate concrete. Thermal conductivity of structural lightweight aggregate. Structural lightweight aggregate concrete download ebook. Pdf structural lightweight aggregate concrete offers several benefits as compared to the normal weight concrete.
Guide for structural lightweightaggregate concrete historical backgroundthe first known use of lightweight concrete dates back over 2000 years. Structural concrete literature norlite lightweight aggregate. Concrete, lightweight aggregate article about concrete. The lightweight aggregate concrete can be divided into two types according to its application. Structural lightweight aggregate concrete 1st edition. Manufacturers of lightweight structural concrete browse companies that make lightweight structural concrete and view and download their free cad details, revit bim files, specifications and other content relating to lightweight structural concrete as well as other product information formated for the architectural community. Guide for structural lightweightaggregate concrete, american. Lightweight aggregate concrete with open structure lac differs significantly from the aforementioned lightweight concrete lc. With a typical unit weight of 90 to 120 pounds per cubic foot pcf and a compressive strength from 2500 psi to more than 8000 psi, structural lightweight concrete is a versatile building material. There is a wide range of applications for lightweight concrete. Pdf the strength of lightweight aggregate in concrete a. Stalite manufactures the finest high performance lightweight aggregate in the world. The influence of the following parameters is analysed. The shape and texture can directly affect its workability.
Concrete having a 28day compressive strength greater than 17 mpa and an airdried unit weight not greater than 1850 kgm composition. The excellent durability performance of structural lightweight concrete made with expanded clay aggregate or expanded shale, clay or slate structural lightweight aggregate is a result of the ceramic nature of the aggregate, and its exceptional bond to and. In structural concrete, stalite is proven to be as good as or better than any normalweight aggregate. Taking this into account, a simplified design method is proposed for slwac made with.
Astm c 33005 specification for lightweight aggregates for. Aci 2r14 guide for structural lightweight aggregate concrete author. Structural performance of limestone as an aggregate for lightweight concrete written by r. Depending on the formulation, the compressive strength of regular concrete according to din 1045 can be achieved. The shape of the lightweight aggregate used in concrete can be cubical, rounded, angular, or of any other shape. Lightweight aggregate used in the structural lightweight concrete are typically expanded shale, clay, or slate. Guide for structural lightweight aggregate concrete aci 2r03 the guide summarizes the present state of technology. Pdf structural lightweight aggregate concrete by incorporating. Structural lightweight concrete also resists fire better than normalweight concrete because of its lower thermal conductivity and its lower coefficient of thermal expansion. Structural performance of limestone as an aggregate for. Structural lightweight concrete on fire rated steel deck assemblies. Current design methods for structural lightweight aggregate concrete slwac are usually only valid for a limited range of concrete compositions that have previously been subjected to trial tests.
Why use structural lightweight concrete lightweight concrete is typically manufactured with combinations of normalweight and lightweight aggregates. The lightweight aggregate is a kind of coarse aggregate which is used in the production of lightweight concrete products like concrete block, structural concrete, and pavement the shape of the lightweight aggregate used in concrete can be cubical, rounded, angular, or of any other shape. Each of the applications described within this website will have specifications, test reports and research available for users to download. This specification covers lightweight aggregates intended for use in structural concrete in which prime considerations are reducing the density while maintaining the compressive strength of the concrete. Click download or read online button to get structural lightweight aggregate concrete book now. Structural lightweight concrete concrete construction. The porosity of lightweight aggregate provides a source of water for. Structural lightweight aggregate concrete with reduced density. A comprehensive experimental study on the concretesteel bond behaviour of structural expanded clay lightweight aggregate concrete lwc was carried out using different compositions, types and. Structural lightweight concrete linkedin slideshare. Structural lightweight concrete has an inplace density unit weight on the order of 90 to 115 lb ft. Browse companies that make lightweight structural concrete and view and download their free cad details, revit bim files, specifications and other content relating to lightweight structural concrete as well as other product information formated for the architectural community. Similar to normal concrete except that it is made with lightweight aggregates or comb. Onchiri published on 20180730 download full article with reference data and citations.
The present study aims to characterize the capillary absorption of structural lightweight aggregate concrete lwac, taking into account different compositions with lightweight aggregates lwa of very distinct porosity. Structural lightweight aggregate concrete pdf free download. Pdf generating a structural lightweight concrete researchgate. Lightweight aggregate concrete is undergoing something of a renaissance. He is a professional engineer and is active in aci, astm and several other national organizations that serve the aggregate and concrete industries. Lightweight aggregate concretes can be used for structural applications, with strengths equivalent to normal weight concrete. In order to reduce the density of concrete for load bearing and stiffening structural members and to improve the thermal insulation properties and thus extend the. Department of building and civil engineering, technical university of mombasa. Structural lightweight concrete article about structural. Procedures covered in this specification are not intended for job control of concrete.
Lightweight concrete provides economical solution for 12story civic center addition. Pdf the strength of lightweight aggregate in concrete. Apr 08, 2014 entrained air as with normalweight concrete, entrained air in structural lightweight concrete ensures resistance to freezing and thawing and to deicer applications. Benefits of using blended waste coarse lightweight. Lightweight concrete mixture is made with a lightweight coarse aggregate and sometimes a portion or entire fine aggregates may be lightweight instead of normal aggregates. State of the art report on high strength, high durability structural low density concrete applications in severe marine.
Capillary absorption of structural lightweight aggregate concrete. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Aci 2r14 guide for structural lightweightaggregate. Lightweight aggregate concrete an overview sciencedirect topics. Structural lightweight concrete containing recycled lightweight. Standard specification for lightweight aggregates for. Structural lightweight aggregate concrete slwac is a material which density is lower than that of normal weight aggregate concrete nwac in about a third. Structural performance of limestone as an aggregate for lightweight concrete. Apr 27, 2010 the italian legislation currently in force concerning concrete sets forth that structural lightweight concrete can be defined as a concrete aggregate with closed structure obtained replacing. Structural lightweight aggregate concrete 1st edition dr. The unique nature of stalites slate raw material combined with the excellence achieved in its production process, results in an extremely high performance lightweight aggregate capable of producing very high strength at low concrete unit weights up to 30% less than normalweight concrete.
Jun 29, 2014 the present study aims to characterize the capillary absorption of structural lightweight aggregate concrete lwac, taking into account different compositions with lightweight aggregates lwa of very distinct porosity. Thermal conductivity of structural lightweight aggregate concrete. Aci 2r14 guide for structural lightweightaggregate concrete author. Entrained air as with normalweight concrete, entrained air in structural lightweight concrete ensures resistance to freezing and thawing and to deicer applications.
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